What distinguishes a hip fracture from a hip dislocation?

The defining characteristic of a hip fracture compared to a hip dislocation is that a fracture refers to a break in the continuity of the bone itself, whereas a dislocation involves the displacement of the joint surfaces, meaning that the ends of the bones that form the joint have moved out of their normal positions. This distinction is crucial in both diagnosis and treatment, as the management strategies for fractures and dislocations can differ significantly.

A hip fracture typically results from trauma or stress on the bone, often presenting with significant pain, swelling, and difficulty bearing weight. Conversely, a hip dislocation occurs when the femur (the thigh bone) is forced out of its socket in the pelvis, which can happen due to similar traumatic events but involves joint structures rather than the bone's integrity. Understanding this difference is key in emergency settings, as it influences the immediate care and surgical decisions that may be necessary for the patient.