What is the purpose of performing a FAST (Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma) exam?

The purpose of performing a FAST exam is to detect free fluid in the abdominal cavity, which is critical in trauma situations. This non-invasive ultrasound technique allows clinicians to rapidly identify whether there is an accumulation of fluid, often associated with internal bleeding. Identifying free fluid helps prioritize patient care and decision-making, particularly regarding the need for surgical intervention.

In trauma cases, especially with blunt or penetrating injuries, the presence of free fluid can indicate significant abdominal injuries that may require immediate attention. The FAST exam is typically conducted quickly at the bedside and can provide crucial information in the emergency department setting.

Other methods may be employed to assess bone fractures or vascular injuries more accurately, or to monitor cardiac function, but the FAST exam specifically focuses on detecting free fluid, making it an essential tool in the evaluation of trauma patients.